I’m a non-religious student of western analytic philosophy i.e. those set of traditions within western philosophy that emphasize deductive/syllogistic argumentation and focus on topics such as phil. of metaphysics, language, logic, religion, mind, and epistemology. However my background is Indian and I’ve lately been cutting my teeth on Indian philosophy; specifically the Nyāya, Vedānta, Madhyāmika, and Pratyabhijña schools of thought. My question pertains to the relation between Vedānta and Sikh philosophy specifically. Vedānta is that school which takes as given the existence of an ultimate reality (known as Brahman/Parabrahman/Paramātman) and studies it’s relation to the individual personal self (jīvātman). The Vaishnavite theologian Rāmānuja describes Vedānta in the following manner:
The individual self is subject to beginningless nescience, which has brought about an accumulation of karma, of the nature of both merit and demerit. The flood of such karma causes his entry into four kinds of bodies heavenly, human, animal and plant beginning with that of Brahma downwards. This ingression into bodies produces the delusion of identity with those respective bodies (and the consequent attachments and aversions). This delusion inevitably brings about all the fears inherent in the state of worldly existence. The entire body of Vedanta aims at the annihilation of these fears. To accomplish their annihilation they teach the following: (1) The essential nature of the individual self as transcending the body. (2) The attributes of the individual self. (3) The essential nature of the Supreme that is the inmost controller of both the material universe and the individual selves. (4) The attributes of the Supreme. (5) The devout meditation upon the Supreme. (6) The goal to which such meditation, leads. The Vedanta aims at making known the goal attainable through such a life of meditation, the goal being the realization, of the real nature of the individual self and after and through that realization, the direct experience of Brahman, which is of the nature of bliss, infinite and perfect. -Vedārthasangraha
As I understand it, Sikh philosophy adopts a generic Non-dual flavor of Vedāntic metaphysics. My question is in relation to Sikh theology; namely whether it has any features that do not correspond to the Vedāntic ontological framework of Jivātman/Paramātman (e.g The Samkhya school has Purusha/Prakriti and the Shaiva schools have Shiva/Shakti). Additionally, when it comes to soteriology do Sikhs share the same (Non-dual) Vedāntic end goal of realizing the individual’s identity with the supreme Brahman? I would also appreciate any English language book recommendations for a systematic overview of Sikh theology. Feel free to ask me any questions for clarification! Thank you _^ !
As a man, yes.
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