For now I'm doing this: plow > seed > harvest
I feel like there are some steps I'm missing like fertilizer, the game tutorial was lacking at the part.
Also when I harvest there aren't any wheat straws left, they are all spread out in the field, why?
Can anyone tell the order of things I should do to have a great Wheat harvest?
Since wheat doesn't require repeat plowing, I usually lime if necessary, cultivate, seed, fertilizer, spray for weeds, after you advance one growth stage fertilize again. Then harvest when it's ready. It may not be the most optimum, but I can usually get a decent yield out of it. I do skip mulching and rolling. Mulch right after harvesting and I think rolling is after seeding.
The straw thing is a setting on your harvester. There is an enable/disable straw swath when you are running it. Change that and you should start getting a row of straw behind you while harvest.